Furthermore, when AKI occurred in patients receiving piperacillin/tazobactam, vancomycin, or both, urinary tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) and Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) increased, suggesting that the observed increase in SCr after administration may represent injury [26]. Here, TIMP2 is linked to acute kidney injury.