Furthermore, the study on urinary S100/calgranulin concentrations evaluated cases of UC and PCA combined in one group [25], and tissue S100A12+ cell counts were higher in the UC group than in NNUTD cases [42], which might have contributed to higher urinary S100A12 concentrations in dogs with urogenital neoplasia irrespective of the contribution of prostatic cancer cases. This evidence concerns the gene S100A12 and posterior cortical atrophy.