EPO stimulates oligodendroglia differentiation and myelination16–19 by driving myelin gene transcription such as myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), myelin basic protein (MBP)17, and inducing genes involved in lipidic transport and metabolism20, making EPO a potential pharmacological agent that counteracts demyelinating diseases or perinatal white matter injury21–23. This evidence concerns the gene MOG and demyelinating disease.