TARDBP and neurodegenerative disease: Some RBP cargo mutations that occur in neurodegenerative diseases promote accumulation and aggregation in the cytoplasm.278 For example, many FUS-NLS mutations impair TNPO1 binding, promoting cytoplasmic phase separation and stress granule partitioning of FUS.343 Phosphorylation or mutation of the NLS of TDP-43 disrupts the nuclear import and chaperone activity of Impα1/β1.441 Furthermore, many NTPs, including karyopherins and nucleoporins, are downregulated in NDD cells.