MMP9 and cancer: In addition, the expression of fibronectin, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), MMP2, and N-calmodulin and waveform protein in the EMT pathway was elevated in cancer cells, whereas the expression of E-calmodulin was decreased and the proportion of S-phase cells was increased, which proved that CAF-derived exosomes could promote the progression of RCC (34).