STAT3 and renal cell carcinoma: RCC-derived exosomes carry a large amount of lncARSR, which interacts with local macrophages and activates the STAT3 pathway in macrophages, leading to the conversion of macrophages from M0/1 to M2, and this polarized state results in the secretion of large quantities of anti-inflammatory factors [e.g., interleukin-10 (IL-10) and TGFβ1] by macrophages to create a local microenvironment more suited for tumor metastasis and the formation of pre-metastatic lesions (30).