In transwell assays, the CM from Ctrl and gMSI2 CAFs were collected from serum-free media at 48 h, after which they were exposed to NSCLC cells and their migratory and invasive properties were evaluated at 48 h, as schematically depicted in Fig. 2C. We found that exposure of NSCLC NCI-H292 and NCI-H460 cells with Ctrl CAF-CM promoted both cell migration and invasion when compared to those treated with control medium (basal RPMI 1640), thus validating that CAFs promoted NSCLC cell motility through paracrine signaling. This evidence concerns the gene TBX1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.