Based on the observations that MSI2 is upregulated in clinical NSCLC stroma and CAFs, and that MSI2 in CAFs regulates the migratory and invasive capabilities of NSCLC cells in vitro, we next tested the effect of CAF MSI2 on NSCLC metastasis in vivo using a co-injection xenograft mouse model [10, 30, 31]. The gene discussed is MSI2; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.