Previous studies conducted in Western populations have reported inconsistent, or even conflicting, results for associations of plasma proteins with IHD,2,4,15,24 with the exception of NT-proBNP, vascular endothelial growth factor, IL-6, IL-8, and PCSK9, which have been consistently associated with IHD.15 This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and myocardial ischemia.