DPP4 and atrial fibrillation: Kishima et al. 12 recently performed a small randomized controlled study comparing the suppressive effect of tofogliflozin vs. dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors on AF recurrence after CA in T2DM patients and found that tofogliflozin achieved greater suppression of AF recurrence after CA in patients with T2DM, and there was a small retrospective study that included 79 patients treated with dapagliflozin.