TNF and tuberculosis: For example when specifically upregulated genes were considered in M1 compared to M0 control cells, significantly enriched GO terms included immune system processes, cytokine and chemokine activity, antigen processing and presentation, G−protein coupled receptor binding, proteasome complexes, while signaling pathways included Epstein−Barr virus infection, tuberculosis, TNF signaling pathway, Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, the TNF signaling pathway, Th17 cell differentiation, and the chemokine signaling pathway.