NPPB and heart failure: The preferred outcome according to the Standardized Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine (StEP) initiative that was published after conclusion of data collection, is all-cause death and myocardial infarction.34 While we did not conduct a formal analysis, because less than 20% of the registered events were heart failures, we consider that exclusion of heart failure from the MACE composite would not relevantly affect the findings of the limited gain of NT-proBNP compared with functional capacity.