These autoantibodies were also absent in patients with IEIs associated with defective T follicular helper (TFH) cell function (autosomal-dominant STAT3 deficiency, n = 11), low Treg cell proportions (autosomal-dominant IL6ST deficiency, n = 10; autosomal-recessive ZNF341 deficiency, n = 10), or both low Treg and TFH cell counts (autosomal-recessive CARMIL2 deficiency, n = 16) (Supplementary Fig. 11). Here, CARMIL2 is linked to hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.