Sensitivity was higher for all-stage HCC across all tests: GAAD correctly detected 304 out of 366 cases [83.1% sensitivity (95% CI: 78.8–86.8)], while AFP alone detected 197 out of 366 cases [53.8% sensitivity (95% CI: 48.6–59.0)] and PIVKA-II alone detected 287 out of 366 cases [78.4% sensitivity (95% CI: 73.8–82.5)]. This evidence concerns the gene AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma.