TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: The occurrence and development of disease are mostly accompanied by inflammation whose main feature is significantly increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL) - 1β, IL - 6, TNF -α, etc. (1), leading to the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines imbalance, promoting the incidence of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases including IBD and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (2).