The non‐canonical forms of PD‐L1, specifically cPD‐L1, nPD‐L1, and exoPD‐L1, exhibit distinct biological functions that are correlated closely with tumor cell proliferation, immune response, DNA damage response, and gene expression control.[17] And these effects include both PD‐1 dependent pathway and PD‐L1 independent pathway. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.