For example, one of the few effective interventions for mTBI patients is exercise,29 which is known to to upregulate VEGF-A in the brain.30,31 However, a recent study from our laboratory found that immediate and continuous treatment with VEGF-A did not improve subacute recovery in either male or female rats given an mTBI, with some evidence that it was actually detrimental.32 Therefore, the aim of the present study was to further our understanding of the role of VEGF-A in mTBI by blocking its activity with BEV in female and male rats. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is concussion.