PAX6 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Of note, several clinical studies find that PAX6 gene mutations are associated with diminished insulin secretion and glycemic perturbations in humans (Yasuda et al, 2002; Nishi et al, 2005; Motoda et al, 2018), while PAX6 is found to be down‐regulated in human T2D islets (Taneera et al, 2012; So et al, 2021).