None of the identified insertion sites from any of the evaluated NHP samples were located within genic regions frequently mutated in human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs; including TP53, TERT, CTNNB1 and so on26–28) nor in genic regions identified in the development of mouse HCC following AAV treatment (Dlk1, Tax1bp1, Meg8 (the mammalian ortholog of the Rian locus) and so on)29–32. This evidence concerns the gene TAX1BP1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.