One short-term intervention study in 41 children (9–18 y) with obesity showed that dietary restriction of the free sugar fructose (~4% of total energy intake) via meal provision was associated with improvements in hepatic steatosis (from 7.2% to 3.8%), hepatic de novo lipogenesis, and insulin kinetics.35 Aligning with this, Schwimmer et al, recently conducted an 8-week, randomized, controlled intervention study in 40 adolescent boys with NAFLD (11–16 y). This evidence concerns the gene INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.