OTOF and hearing loss disorder: Another pivotal factor contributing to recessive hearing loss is the presence of mutations in the OTOF gene, commonly referred to as DFNB9. Multiple studies conducted across diverse regions have indicated that alterations in the pathogenic OTOF gene account for approximately 2.3 to 7.3% of cases involving recessive hearing impairment (Duman et al., 2011; Iwasa et al., 2019).