Notwithstanding the relatively early stage of development of CAR-T cell therapy for glioblastoma, limited effectiveness or resistance to treatment has already been reported, including loss of tumor antigen expression (11, 106) and presumed CAR-T cell induced resistance through the upregulation of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and recruitment of Treg cells (107). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and glioblastoma.