PTK2 and neoplasm: The upregulation of IL-37 may inhibit the activation of various signal phosphokinases involved in tumor metastatic behavior, including ERK 1/2, JNK, p38MAPK and PI3K (46, 106) intracellularly, and represses tumor cell migration and adhesion by downregulating paxillin, FAK and protein tyrosine kinase-2 (PTK-2) pathways (46).