F2R and gastric cancer: F11-AS1 regulates the expression of PTEN through competitive binding with miR-3146, thereby inhibiting the progression of LIHC (22). Another CRL, ncRuPAR (non-protein coding RNA, upstream of coagulation factor II thrombin receptor [F2R]/protease-activated receptor-1 [PAR-1]), can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and promote apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells by inhibiting PAR-1, PI3K/Akt signaling, and cyclin D1, and its downregulation can promote angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and progression (23, 24).