For example, Feaver et al. designed a transwell system in which primary human hepatocytes were cultured at the bottom and primary hepatic stellate cells and macrophages (MΦs) were cocultured at the top and perfused with an activating milieu containing glucose, insulin, FFAs, and inflammatory cytokines under hemodynamic flow to simulate NASH. This evidence concerns the gene INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.