TGFB1 and neoplasm: The reason that TGFB1 adversely impacts prognosis might be: first, TGFβ1 binds its receptors, activating the downstream signaling pathway and regulating the tumor-promoting gene-expression programs; second, TGFβ1 signaling could lead to a pro-tumoral niche by reprogramming stromal components and suppressing immune cells, as evidenced by the finding that TGFB1 expression was strongly positively correlated with pro-tumor cytokines in DLBCL and MM.