APOC3 and Alzheimer disease: Moreover, Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein (AD7c-NTP) [19, 20] was often detected in urine in the early stage of AD and MCI which was also suggested to be a biomarker, as well as apolipoprotein C3 (ApoC3) [21] which was validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).