LYVE1 and neoplasm: To further evaluate the effect of EV-packaged circTLCD4-RWDD3 on lymphangiogenesis in vivo, we performed IHC staining to reveal that LYVE-1-labeled microlymphatic vessel density (MLD) was significantly increased in both the intratumoral and peritumoral regions of the footpad primary tumor tissues from the group treated with EVs from circTLCD4-RWDD3-overexpressing NSCLC cells than in the control group (Fig. 2h, i), confirming that EV-packaged circTLCD4-RWDD3 induces NSCLC lymphangiogenesis.