INS and heart failure: To further investigate the association between ln (100 × UACR) and outcome events, subgroup analyses were performed, stratified by sex, age (<65 years and ≥65 years), race, treatment group (standard glucose control and intensive glucose control), CVD history, heart failure, previous hyperlipidemia, previous hypertension, duration of diabetes (<10 years and ≥10 years), BMI (<25 kg/m2 and ≥25 kg/m2), HbA1c (<8.1% and ≥8.1%), eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2, ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2, <90 mL/min/1.73 m2, and ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2), and insulin use in Fig. 3 and elsewhere (18).