TNF and atherosclerosis: In this line, obesity has been associated by previous researchers with elevated levels of TLR4, TNF-α, IL-6, C reactive protein, and IL -1β, modulating inflammatory processes which may improve the appearance of other metabolic pathologies such as atherosclerosis, diabetes type 2, and cardiovascular events, being TNF-α and IL-6 those cytokines which seem to take more importance in these processes (105, 141, 167).