PDCD1 and neoplasm: According to studies, TAM depletion induced by trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI), OXA, or combination therapy, especially TAM2, results in changes in the TAM1/TAM2 ratio, as well as enhanced infiltration and activation of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, enhanced production of granzyme B, IFNγ, and TNFα in CD8+ T cells within the tumor, and upregulation of PD-L1 and PD-1 expression (Figure 5) (194).