ABCA1 and atherosclerosis: Furthermore, AG has been demonstrated to attenuate atherosclerosis in apoE−/− mice and THP-1 monocytes and 293T cells by enhancing cholesterol efflux and suppressing the accumulation of lipid and inflammation, which upregulated the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 and downregulated IL-6, MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-1β.