Remarkably, the frequencies of tumor-infiltrating IFN-γ+/CD8+ T cells, F4/80+CD86+M1 macrophages and CD62−CD44+CD8+ effector memory T cells in the DNA-PAE@BAY-876 group were all higher than the control group by 14.99%, 20.72% and 33.48% (Fig. 9e–g), suggesting that the DNA-PAE@BAY-876 nanoassemblies could effectively generate high levels of effector memory T cells to mount antitumor immune memory for eliminating TNBC cells at systemic level. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.