Lueschow et al. [90] reported that B. infantis EVC001 significantly reduced the level of inflammatory cytokines.It was documented that B. fragilis strain ZY-312ZY-312 not only reduced the expression of TNF-α, but also enhanced the expression of IL-10, thus effectively alleviating inflammation and preventing the development of NEC [91]. Here, TNF is linked to necrotizing enterocolitis.