In addition, sodium glucose linked transporter1 (SGLT1) was expressed relatively lower in the gut tissue of IUGR piglets compared to that of normal-sized piglets (Tang and Xiong, 2022), and GLUT4, the rate-limiting step of insulin-induced glucose uptake into the muscle (Krook et al., 2000), has been found to be decreased in IUGR piglets (Shen et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene INS and fetal growth restriction.