EGF and chronic kidney disease: In numerous cohorts, higher levels of biomarkers reflecting kidney injury and dysfunction have been associated with increased risks of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and rapid eGFR decline.6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 Similarly, urine biomarkers representing the capacity for regeneration or repair, such as uromodulin (UMOD) and epidermal growth factor (EGF), have been shown to be associated with lower risks of mortality, CKD risk, and cardiovascular disease.12, 13, 14