To address the functional role of the CSF1R pathway and microglial proliferation, we used a mouse model of cerebrovascular disease involving chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (Coltman et al., 2011; Fowler et al., 2018; Holland et al., 2011; Kitamura et al., 2017; Manso et al., 2018; Reimer et al., 2011; Shibata et al., 2004). Here, CSF1R is linked to cerebrovascular disorder.