Although it was characterized as molecularly homogeneous due to loss of TP53 and RB1, and neuroendocrine/epithelial differentiation27,28, SCLC was shown to be heterogeneous29–37 by the identification of its mixtures of transcriptional subtypes such as neuroendocrine (NE) stem-cell-like subtype centered on the expression of the transcription factors ASCL1 and NEUROD135 and non-neuroendocrine (NON-NE) subtype centered on the expression of the transcription factor YAP136. This evidence concerns the gene ASCL1 and small cell lung carcinoma.