In addition, a greater number of CD206+ cells and less CD86+ cells were observed in the arthrosis of CIA mice treated with PD-L1 analogs, especially DBCO/DSPE-PD-L1, indicating that dual-anchored PD-L1 possessed the ability of inhibiting M1 polarization of synovial macrophages (Supplementary Fig. 36). The gene discussed is CD86; the disease is osteoarthritis.