Cytokines and chemokines secreted by neutrophils are also closely correlated with the pathogenesis of osteomyelitis, and the risk of infection in osteomyelitis is greatly increased following a significant rise in IL1β expression.[6] The cytokine IL-8 is a chemokine that binds with high affinity to C-X-C chemokine receptor (CXCR) 1 and CXCR2 receptors on neutrophils. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and osteomyelitis.