Kotlarz D found that the TGF-β1 gene (c.328C/T, p.Arg110Cys) and (c.133C/T, p.Arg45Cys) is located in the sequence encoding the LAP structural domain.[61] Both loci are associated with immune dysregulation, which may lead to diseases such as arthritis, encephalopathy, inflammatory bowel disease, recurrent infections, and immunodeficiency. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB3 and inflammatory bowel disease.