HMGB1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The GWAS signals associated with T2D and BMI in the chr13:30956642-31116642 locus52,56,89–91 colocalized with the iPSC-PPC-unique eASQTL module (module ID: AS_13_2) associated with three HMGB1 isoforms: ENST00000326004, ENST00000399494, ENST00000339872, and (effect size = 2.16, −2.26, and −0.85, respectively; HMGB1.1, HGMB1.2, and HMGB1.3, respectively) (Fig. 7c, Supplementary Fig. 16C–E, Supplementary Data 13).