The study used B. animalis 01 in T2DM rats, and showed that B. animalis 01 down-regulated phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), and upregulated the expression of Nrf2, IRS-2, PI3K, and AKT-2 genes (Fig. 2c)29. Here, G6PC1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.