In the advent of immunotherapy, the application of ICIs has dramatically changed patient overall survival (OS) of well-responders; first, PD-1 blocking Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab were applied as second-line treatment options showing superior objective response rate (ORR) and OS compared to docetaxel in NSCLC (8–10). Here, RPL17 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.