In this study, we assessed the mRNA levels of NLRP1, NLRP2, NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRC5, NLRP12, AIM2, CARD8, IFI16, Pyrin, NAIP, caspase-1, caspase-4, caspase-5, IL-1beta, and IL-18 in PBMCs from RA patients and HC individuals and conducted a pilot investigation of common inflammasomes and associated molecules to provide a stronger theoretical basis for RA treatment. The gene discussed is CASP4; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.