However, higher plasma adiponectin has been associated with higher mortality in individuals with heart failure and associated cardiovascular diseases.41,42 This phenomenon is become known as the ‘adiponectin paradox’.41,42 In line with this, we found that elevated plasma adiponectin was associated with an increased risk of heart failure and associated cardiovascular diseases in our observational analyses. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is cardiovascular disorder.