In addition, we found no evidence of a non-linear effect of plasma adiponectin on the risk of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, aortic valve stenosis, or myocardial infarction using non-linear one-sample Mendelian randomization in the CGPS (see Supplementary material online, Figures S15–S18). This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and atrial fibrillation.