VCAM1 and infection: Infection of AECs with RSV consequently induces an altered expression and secretion of chemoattractants and adhesion molecules, e.g., tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, CXCL6, CXCL10, RANTES/CCL5, interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), ICAM-1, vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1), and major histocompatibility complex I/II (MHC-I/II) [76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83].