IL4 and colitis: The literature shows that B. breve M-16V downregulates levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 in porcine intestinal epithelial cells [47]; suppresses IL-1β in colon tissue in a rat model of colitis [50]; reduces the IL-4 level in splenocyte culture; and reduces the serum level of IgE in ovalbumin-sensitized mice [26].