This idea was based upon our prior findings, which showed that the skull bones of cranial neural crest origin (e.g., facial bones, frontal bones) appeared to be more affected than those of mesoderm origin (e.g., parietal bones, occipital bones) and that coronal craniosynostosis occurred in approximately 1/3 of global Alpl−/− mice with a mixed C57BL/6J-129/SvJ genetic background [14]. The gene discussed is ALPL; the disease is craniosynostosis.