Compared with young people, the elderly have significantly increased plasma inflammatory markers associated with vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, including TNF-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), interferon γ (IFN-γ), MCP-1, and MMPs [115]. Here, TNF is linked to atherosclerosis.