TNF and neoplasm: Of interest, gene expression studies performed by real-time quantitative PCR on selected tumor biomarkers in neoplastic tissue from a rat CRC model revealed that falcarinol and falcarindiol downregulated NF-κB and its downstream proinflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-6, and COX-2, while COX-1 and IL-1 were not significantly affected [65].