Examining the involvement of LIF/LIFR interaction between MBM cells and microglia, we found that inhibition of LIFR presumably abrogated JunB upregulation in microglia following interaction with melanoma cells and, consequently, by repression of the transcriptional regulation induced by JunB, modified microglia phenotype so that it limited melanoma cell proliferation. The gene discussed is LIFR; the disease is melanoma.